Tag Archive: companies


More private sector companies have pledged to hire military spouses through a year-old government program.

The Defense Department’s Military Spouse Employment Partnership will add 34 private sector companies to the 96 current employment partners that have pledged to hire more military spouses.

The partnership began in June 2011 as part of Michelle Obama and Jill Biden’s military family service initiative Joining Forces, and 22,000 military spouses have been hired at participating companies since the partnership began, according to a press release.

In a conference call Thursday, Rob Gordon, deputy assistant secretary of Defense for military community and family policy, said the additional companies will be looking to hire for positions that “are quite career-focused” and they will have personnel dedicated to making sure spouses will be hired and reported.

“We see day in and day out an expanded number of companies that are specifically looking to hire spouses and veterans,” Brad Cooper, executive director of Joining Forces, said during the conference call. “Now it’s just a more deliberate, focused effort.”

Cooper said, “a really small portion” of the companies joining the pledge are in the defense domain. According to the descriptions of the companies provided in the press release, 10 of the 34 companies either base their business around service to military and military families (such as military health care provider Triwest) or are comprised primarily of spouses or veterans (such as The Major Group).

Applicants with a military spouse identification card are eligible to participate in the partnership by checking a box on the application indicating their status. Same-sex domestic partners of military personnel, because they are not recognized as military spouses by the federal government, are not eligible for the partnership.

“As far as the military is concerned anything issued by the military to spouses does not apply to you,” said Jonathan Hopkins, director of Washington operations for LGBT military network OutServe.

Gordon said during the conference call the program was intended for “spouses who are ID cardholders.”

The response to the partnership expansion was positive elsewhere in the military community. “Any attention that we can get on the issue of military spouse employment is a good thing,” said AnnaMaria White, spokeswoman for military family-focused nonprofit Blue Star Families. She praised the partnership’s efforts to reach out to a range of experience levels.

A new Obama administration initiative aims to provide more flexible, portable employment for military spouses and veterans through partnerships with 11 customer service, health care and telecommunications companies.

The effort, launched through first lady Michelle Obama and Jill Biden’s Joining Forces initiative, makes an estimated 15,000 new jobs available near military bases, specifically targeting service members’ families who must frequently move.

“We’re trying to meet these spouses where they are,” Obama said during a conference call Wednesday. “These jobs give them the kind of flexibility and portability that they need to succeed.”

According to Joining Forces, military families are 10 times more likely to move across state lines than their civilian counterparts, making telework jobs with flexible hours particularly valuable both to families with children and to homebound or disabled veterans.

Companies involved in the new program include call centers at Hilton Hotels, customer service providers such as Arise Virtual Solutions, and work-at-home marketing and communications companies like Agility Marketing.

The jobs component of Joining Forces is among the “most robust” parts of the one-year-old initiative, the program’s executive director, Brad Cooper said.

Cooper said the positions range from entry to midlevel and training depends on the company. Participating firms must provide regular updates on progress meeting their hiring targets for the program, he said.

Dawn Schaeffer, a military spouse who relocated from Guam to Whiteman Air Force Base in Missouri, said she switched from a career as a veterinary technician to a more flexible job with Arise Virtual Solutions — a company that is part of the initiative. The job allows her to work flexible hours and is stable should her husband be relocated again.

Employees in her company complete a 30- to 90-day certification process, Schaeffer told reporters. Hourly pay ranges from $9 to $16, but employees can work as many hours as they want, she said.

Ken Blanchard is the co-founder and chief spiritual officer of The Ken Blanchard Companies, an international management training and consulting firm. One of the most influential leadership gurus in the world, he is the author or co-author of dozens of books, including the international bestseller “The One Minute Manager.” Mark Miller is vice president of training and development for Chick-fil-A. I recently interviewed them about their new book, “Great Leaders Grow: Becoming a Leader for Life.”

In your book, you state that great leaders grow by Gaining Knowledge, Reaching Out to Others, Opening their World and Walking toward Wisdom. In your experience, which of these steps comes naturally for most leaders and which are typically more challenging?

It all depends on the leader. For some leaders, it’s natural to Gain Knowledge, because they love to read and study. Extroverted leaders find that Reaching Out to Others is an easy thing to do. For adventuresome leaders, Opening their World is built into their DNA. Those with a reflective bent find that Walking toward Wisdom comes easily. The point is that all of these practices are vital — not just one or two of them. A great leader stretches outside his or her comfort zone to develop in areas that don’t come naturally.

What’s your best advice for a leader who’s having a hard time getting started with one of the more challenging aspects of the GROW model?

We all have a tendency to limit ourselves by our own assumed constraints. To break through these self-limiting beliefs, try a few of the suggestions in the book that you find challenging. For example, if you believe that you’re a lousy teacher, find an opportunity to give some instruction, either formally in a class or by informally sharing your knowledge with others. This is part of Reaching Out to Others. Perhaps you recognize that you’re strong on giving advice but not so great at taking it. If that’s the case, find someone you admire and respect and ask that person to give you feedback about your leadership. This is part of Walking toward Wisdom. The important thing is to take action — not just to think about it.

Who are some public leaders that you admire who you think demonstrate the GROW approach in action? What do you think the rest of us can learn from them?

When it comes to demonstrating the GROW approach, two people come to mind: Garry Ridge, President/CEO of WD-40 Company, and Colleen Barrett, President Emeritus of Southwest Airlines. Fortunately, I’ve had the chance to write books with both of them.

I got to know Garry after he enrolled in our Master of Science in Executive Leadership program at University of San Diego. I shared with Garry that back when I was a college professor, I was always in trouble because I gave the final exam out the first day of class. When the faculty questioned me about that, I told them that not only would I share the final exam at the beginning of the semester, but I would also teach them the answers, so that when my students got to the final exam, they’d get As. Life is all about getting As, not some normal distribution curve! Garry was fascinated by my story and said, “Why don’t we do that in industry?” He took off on a journey to change the culture at WD-40 Company and to implement a business philosophy called “Don’t Mark My Paper, Help Me Get an A.” In 2010 WD-40 Company had the greatest financial year in the history of the company. At the same time, they handed out an internal employee satisfaction survey, which 98 percent of their people filled out — and they’re in over 60 nations! The results were overwhelmingly positive. One survey statement said: “At WD-40 Company, I am treated with respect and dignity.” Over 98.7 percent said “true” to that statement.

Colleen Barrett took over the presidency of Southwest Airlines from co-founder Herb Kelleher. Her main experience before taking that job was being Herb’s executive secretary for over 20 years. Herb understood the two aspects of leadership. He felt the vision and direction of Southwest Airlines was clear and he didn’t want a Jack Welch lookalike to come in and turn the company in a different direction. He wanted somebody who knew the implementation or servant aspect of leadership; someone who could cheerlead and keep everybody going in the direction they had set. Colleen was the perfect choice. I got so excited about her leadership that I wrote a book with her called “Lead with LUV: A Different Way to Create Real Success.”

For a leader who’s all about results, what advice do you have about how to reach out to others without coming off as a phony?

Leaders who are “all about results” are missing a big part of the success equation: relationships. If you’re not known for your relationship skills, start practicing them with the people most familiar to you and move out to others gradually. The first few times you reach out may feel uncomfortable — for both you and the other person — especially if you are not known for that type of behavior. Start casually, perhaps by stopping to chat with a person in the hallway or after a meeting. To avoid coming off as phony, be honest and real. For example, tell a co-worker about an article you read that you think he or she might genuinely be interested in. Or ask that person a question and — most importantly — listen to the answer with an intention to really understand that person’s point of view. Don’t expect instant results; relationships take time to build.

How do you define wisdom? What can leaders who find themselves running as fast as they can do to bring about more wisdom in their lives and the way they lead?

In the book, wisdom is defined as the application of knowledge, discernment, insight, experience, and judgment to make good decisions when the answer may not be obvious. To bring more wisdom into your life, start by examining yourself. What are your strengths and weaknesses? How are you adding value to your life, your organization, the world? Self-evaluation isn’t easy but it is a necessary starting point for pursuing wisdom. Next, ask your colleagues at every level for honest feedback on how you have been doing. Encourage them to be frank. Ask them what you should start doing, what you should keep doing, and what you should stop doing. Another step in the walk toward wisdom is to seek counsel from someone who has more experience or expertise in any area in which you would like to grow. Wisdom will enhance your leadership, but don’t expect to become wise overnight. Walking toward wisdom is a lifelong journey. Every step you take will enhance your growth and bring you closer to your final destiny.

MADISON, Wis. – President Barack Obama will try to use his Wednesday visit to a Milwaukee padlock manufacturer to highlight an improving economy and showcase companies that are bringing jobs back to the U.S., even though the Wisconsin company’s success isn’t reflective of the state.

Master Lock, which Obama mentioned in his State of the Union address, is a good story for the president — especially in Wisconsin. It’s a unionized company that recently brought back 100 jobs from China, and the state’s Republican governor is being targeted for recall largely because of his proposal that effectively ended collective bargaining rights for most public workers.

However, in the face of national growth, Wisconsin has lost private sector jobs in each of the past six months. Democrats have been using that to hammer embattled Gov. Scott Walker, who promised during his 2010 campaign to create 250,000 jobs during his first term.

Obama’s visit to Wisconsin will be his first in more than a year and a recognition that he must win the state, which he carried by 14 points in 2008 but where Republicans captured nearly every statewide office two years later. Wednesday also marks the one-year anniversary of the first widespread protests against Walker’s union proposal.

Walker has been making the case across the country that his recall election is a bellwether of how Obama will do in Wisconsin in the fall. In a fundraising letter his campaign sent to potential donors outside Wisconsin last month, Walker said a win would deliver a “devastating blow” to Obama’s re-election efforts.

Walker planned to greet Obama at the airport Wednesday and be with him for the Master Lock visit. Walker’s official office and his campaign said only that it was an honor to have Obama in Wisconsin.

But Republican National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus lashed out at Obama during a conference call, calling the visit “yet another taxpayer paid funded campaign stop by the president, this time to our home in Wisconsin, to rehash really more of the same broken promises.” Priebus formerly served as Wisconsin Republican Party chairman before taking over as RNC head last year.

Wisconsin Republican Party spokesman Ben Sparks said voters in 2010 “resoundingly rejected the Democrats’ ongoing effort to move our state backward and they have no interest in four more years of the same failed policies.”

Two years after Obama’s presidential win, Republicans won majorities in both houses of the Wisconsin Legislature — which had been controlled by Democrats — and knocked off Democratic U.S. Sen. Russ Feingold. Republicans also picked up two of the state’s congressional seats, giving them a five-to-three advantage.

Democrats have been trying to rebound since, and are using the citizen-driven recall petition drives to undo some of the Republican gains. Democrats picked up two seats in the state Senate through recall elections last year, and they are targeting four more Republicans this year.

A recent poll by the Marquette University Law School shows both Obama and Walker leading their potential challengers in Wisconsin. Obama was ahead of Republican Mitt Romney 48 percent to 40 percent, and Walker was ahead of potential Democratic candidates by either 6 or 7 percentage points. The telephone poll of 701 registered voters was conducted Jan. 19-22.

“Based on that data, it’s perfectly possible that the state renders a split decision,” said Charles Franklin, director of the poll and visiting professor of law and public policy. “Both races are likely to tighten as we get closer.”

Franklin said it makes sense for Walker to tie his fate to Obama’s since it would likely to help mobilize conservatives and tea party activists.

Democratic Party Chairman Mike Tate scoffed at the governor’s claim that fighting off a recall would hurt Obama’s chances in Wisconsin.

“Walker has given an enormous gift to Democrats and the progressive movement in Wisconsin, unifying it and readying it for the national conversation about the future of the middle class,” Tate said.

Recall organizers submitted an estimated 1 million signatures to recall Walker, and the state is currently verifying the names. A recall election would likely be held this spring of summer.

With so much emphasis on the state’s economy in Walker’s recall campaign, Obama will have to walk a thin line during his visit Wednesday to Master Lock.

“It is an interesting difficulty of Democrats wanting to talk about jobs being bad in the state and blame Walker, while Obama wants to talk about things turning around for his re-election,” Franklin said.

Walker campaigned in 2010 on the promise to deliver 250,000 more jobs to Wisconsin over four years. And while jobs have declined each of the past six months, they are up by 13,500 since Walker took office.

However, Tate said Walker bears responsibility for Wisconsin’s job losses since job growth is increasing nationally.

“These are not theoretical lapses, but a real body of work.” Tate said.

Master Lock, founded in Milwaukee in 1921, employed more than 1,100 workers at its sprawling downtown Milwaukee complex when it announced in 1997 that it would begin importing locks from China. By 2003, the plant employed just 270 workers.

Early last year, the company’s leaders said the business was operating at full capacity after bringing back jobs that had been outsourced. The plant now employs about 410 people, though it still operates factories in China and Mexico.

Master Lock became somewhat of a household name for its “Tough Under Fire” Super Bowl ads that ran for two decades starting in 1974. The ad shows the ubiquitous Master Lock padlock surviving a sharpshooter’s bullet.

National Journal’s National Security Insiders said the Pentagon should not offer bailouts to keep defense companies or capabilities afloat, despite defense-budget cuts and shrinking military markets.

The Defense Department’s top weapons buyer said last week that defense companies feeling the pinch of budget downsizing could receive a Pentagon bailout to keep some key weapons-development and manufacturing capabilities alive. Frank Kendall, the acting undersecretary of Defense for acquisitions, technology, and logistics, did not explain how the government would assist failing defense companies, but said, “We have to be prepared to intervene where it makes sense, where we have to.”

Yet 73 percent of Insiders said this was a bad idea. “A little Schumpeterian creative destruction will be good for the moribund Cold War-era defense-industrial base,” one Insider said, referring to the theories of economist Joseph Schumpeter.

If the Obama administration is serious about preserving the industrial base, one Insider said, it will protect critical parts of defense industry even if it means touching “the third rail” of entitlements. “We should not engage again in ‘bailing out’ another industry,” the Insider said.

A few Insiders insisted that this era of budget austerity must run its natural course. “Profitability of defense companies over the last 10 years has been staggering. Time now for a reckoning,” one Insider said. “Darwin should rule here,” another added. One Insider would not support a bailout, but would endorse support for at least two firms doing “at least R&D in all critical areas.” As another Insider said, “Bailouts, no. Investments to sustain an adequate strategically grounded defense-industrial base, yes.”

Yet 27 percent of Insiders said the Pentagon should consider offering bailouts – with a few caveats. “Only if a loss of a unique capability will jeopardize national security should this even be considered,” one Insider said.

Few companies will need this, one Insider asserted. “The big ones have already begun to discount the build down, and will survive,” said an Insider who did not support bailouts for the companies. “Virtually everyone else is already a commercial-technology provider and integrated into the global economy. This is not your grandfather’s industrial base. Weep no more.”

Meanwhile, Russia sent its foreign minister to Syria in an effort to stop the bloodshed there as Syrian President Bashar al-Assad continues to crack down on protesters. But 96 percent of Insiders said Moscow’s pressure on its ally would not be enough to end the escalating crisis in the country. “This one will run its bloody course. Outsiders cannot do much to stop it. Outcome is unpredictable,” one Insider said. “Pray for the Syrian people.” “There is a systemic reason why Russia fails in this high-stakes diplomacy: It has little hard or soft power to bring to bear,” another said. “Russia is not wealthy or generous or trusted, and it lacks the ability to project military power over long distances. Today Russia is a paper tiger in the Middle East.”

Russia, along with China, vetoed a resolution in the United Nations Security Council that would have called for Assad to step down. One Insider said Moscow’s diplomatic move signals to Assad it is willing to split from the Security Council majority. “[The Russians have] put themselves in a situation where they are losing leverage by their lack of support for the resolution,” the Insider said. “Serious miscalculation by Russia.”

NEW YORK – The price of natural gas dropped back to near a 10-year low Wednesday after Exxon Mobil and other energy companies declined to cut production.

Exxon, America’s biggest natural gas producer, has led a push by major industry players into U.S. gas drilling over the past few years that has boosted production to the highest levels ever. Supplies in storage are well above average, and some experts estimate the nation has enough natural gas to meet its needs for a century.

Investors hoped that Exxon would follow smaller competitors like Chesapeake Energy and shut down some natural gas rigs. But when it released its quarterly and annual earnings results Tuesday, Exxon said it hasn’t pulled back.

“We remain bullish on the future of natural gas as an energy source,” Exxon investor relations chief David Rosenthal said.

The company has started to shift its focus to developing more oil and other liquid hydrocarbons in the U.S., but “we have not curtailed any gas production,” Rosenthal said.

On Wednesday the price of natural gas fell 12 cents, or nearly 5 percent, to finish at $2.38 per 1,000 cubic feet in New York. That follows an 8 percent drop on Tuesday. Natural gas hit a 10-year low of $2.32 per 1,000 cubic feet on Jan. 19. The price rose briefly, after Chesapeake and other companies said they would cut natural gas production. It slid back as investors lost faith that the reductions would significantly impact supplies and mild winter weather persisted, keeping demand weak.

Independent energy analyst Jim Ritterbusch said traders have been looking for signs that other producers will do more to shrink America’s huge natural gas surplus. It doesn’t appear that they’re willing — or able — to do so.

“The market is craving news about production cuts or colder weather” that would force homeowners to crank up the heat, he said. “It’s not getting it.”

A sustained decline in natural gas prices will benefit the U.S. economy by reducing heating and electricity costs for many homeowners and businesses. More than half of U.S. residences use natural gas for heat. And power companies are increasingly turning from coal to cheaper, cleaner natural gas to run generators.

Meanwhile the price of benchmark oil was lower Wednesday. West Texas Intermediate crude fell 87 cents to end at $97.61 a barrel in New York. Brent crude rose by 58 cents to finish at $111.56 a barrel in London.

Prices slipped after economic reports showed that the nation’s crude supplies rose last week and energy demand remains weak.

The Energy Department said oil and gasoline demand dropped last week while supplies grew. At the same time, a trade group reported that manufacturing activity in the U.S. rose in January at the fastest pace in seven months, implying more demand for oil in the months ahead.

Retail gasoline prices added less than a penny on Wednesday at a national average of $3.45 per gallon, according to AAA, Wright Express and Oil Price Information Service. A gallon of regular is 17 cents higher than it was a month ago and 35 cents more than a year ago.

In other energy trading, heating oil lost a penny to finish at $3.05 per gallon. Gasoline futures were virtually unchanged at $2.89 per gallon.

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Follow Chris Kahn on Twitter at http://twitter.com/ChrisKahnAP

EYES ON CHINA: Attention at Davos, the invitation-only gathering in the Swiss Alps, turned Thursday to China, and how and whether it could help developed economies in Europe and the United States avoid new recessions.

BIG BETS: Chinese companies and government funds have been using vast reserves of cash to buy up foreign companies and invest in foreign government bonds in recent years.

LINGERING WORRIES: With billions of dollars in Chinese investments pouring into their countries, some governments have accused China of seeking to exploit the economic weakness of others to grab valuable natural and technological resources at rock-bottom prices.

Ryerson Acquires Turret Steel

CHICAGO, Dec. 12, 2011 /CHICAGOPRESSRELEASE.COM/ — Ryerson Inc., a leading distributor and processor of metals in North America, announced today that it has acquired Turret Steel Industries, Inc. and Sunbelt-Turret Steel, Inc., steel service centers headquartered in Pittsburgh.  

The acquisition also includes Turret-affiliated companies Wilcox Steel and Imperial Logistics.  Turret and its affiliates generate annual revenues of approximately $130 million. Terms of the transaction were not disclosed.  

“This acquisition represents another important step in Ryerson’s effort to continue expanding our product offering in the long products segment,” said Ryerson President and CEO Mike Arnold.

Turret Steel President Wayne Gould will join the Ryerson team and stay on to manage the acquired businesses.

“We are excited to join the Ryerson team and combine Ryerson’s resources and extensive North American footprint with our deep knowledge and experience in the markets,” said Mr. Gould.  ”This will allow us to continue successfully growing for many years to come.”

In addition to its Pittsburgh headquarters Turret has service centers in Chicago and Warren, Ohio.  Turret is primarily a distributor of special bar quality (SBQ) carbon and alloy bar stock focused on bar sizes of less than six inches in diameter.

Sunbelt has locations in Charlotte, N.C., Cooper, Texas, Dos Palos, Calif., South Windsor, Conn., and Portland, Ore. Sunbelt primarily distributes SBQ carbon and alloy bar products greater than six inches in diameter and also offers significant value-added processing capabilities.

Wilcox Steel has a single facility in Green Bay, Wis., that primarily sells cold drawn bar products.  Imperial Logistics operates as a sourcing arm for flatbed and inbound trucking for all three companies.

“These are all strong businesses that will complement Ryerson’s existing network and enhance our ability to serve customers,” said Matthias Heilmann, Ryerson’s Chief Operating Officer.

Ryerson has now completed five acquisitions in the last two years, acquiring Houston-based Texas Steel Processing Inc. in January 2010; Mobile, Ala.-based Cutting Edge Metal Processing Inc. in May 2010; Houston-based SFI-Gray Steel Inc. in August 2010; and Streetsboro, Ohio-based Singer Steel in March 2011.

Earlier this month Ryerson announced expansions of its Atlanta and Little Rock, Ark. operations with added capabilities in long products and fabricated plate.  The company also recently opened new North American service centers in Salt Lake City, Tijuana, Houston and Eldridge, Iowa, and also added a new service center in Suzhou, China.  

About Ryerson Inc.

Ryerson Inc., a Platinum Equity company, is a leading North American processor and distributor of metals, with operations in the United States and Canada, as well as in China.  The Company distributes and processes various kinds of metals, including stainless and carbon steel and aluminum products

SOURCE Ryerson Inc.


http://www.ryerson.com

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Oil firms keep discovering reserves, so why is another new shale oil and gas discovery such a big deal? In a market where most oil companies are finding it difficult to maintain their production levels because of depleting resources, Anadarko‘s (NYSE: APCNews) discovery of a huge reservoir in Colorado’s Wattenberg is in fact a big deal not just for the company but also for the industry.

Hitting pay dirt
The discovery is being considered one of the largest in recent years. The reservoir is expected to hold more than 1 billion barrels of recoverable oil and natural gas, which is mind-blowing and places Wattenberg in the league of major shale plays like Bakken Shale and Eagle Ford.

Anadarko is confident it can drill 1,200 to 2,700 wells in northeast Colorado and expects an average annual production growth rate of 20% from the area from 2010 to 2012. The fact that Anadarko also operates pipelines and gas processing plants in the region gives it an added advantage.

The find can help Anadarko turn its fortune. By the end of last year, Anadarko had 2.42 billion barrels of oil equivalent at its exposure. The Colorado discovery along with the discovery of 10 trillion cubic feet of gas off the East African coast assures Anadarko a longer field life and provides a great opportunity to increase production.

The bigger picture
Shale field finds have revived the U.S. oil and gas output after four decades of decline. The advent of new technologies, including horizontal drilling of well and hydraulic fracturing, is the main reason behind such huge discoveries. Anadarko, along with peers Carrizo Oil & Gas (NYSE: CRZONews) and Noble Energy (NYSE: NBLNews), has been putting the latest technology to use in the Wattenberg fields. The company also holds leases in Wyoming where it is evaluating drilling prospects. These mean machines are expected to boost North American oil production and may even double it by 2025, although environmental concerns may shrink the projected expansion.

Foolish takeaway
The discovery has boosted Anadarko’s prospects by guarantying higher production and increased field life. The Wyoming field may also turn out to be a high reserve area.

Fool contributor Amitabha Chakraborty does not own shares of any of the companies mentioned in this article. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.

WASHINGTON – Service companies, which employ 90 percent of the U.S. work force, expanded at a slower pace in November and a measure of employment at those firms fell.

Separately, the government said orders to U.S. factories dropped for the second straight month.

Monday’s data show that the economy remains vulnerable despite recent signs of improvement. Still, economists said the broader message from other reports is that economic growth and hiring continue at a modest and steady pace.

“As it comes at a time when all the other economic news has been quite good, it is not too much to worry about,” said Paul Dales, senior U.S. economist at Capital Economics.

The Institute for Supply Management said Monday that its index of service sector activity dropped to 52 from 52.9 in October. Any reading above 50 indicates expansion. The service sector has grown for two straight years. But the reading was the lowest since January 2010.

There were some positive signs in the report: New orders and business activity rose.

The trade group of purchasing managers surveys a range of industries, including hotels and restaurants, financial services, construction and agriculture.

The Commerce Department said companies cut their orders to U.S. factories in October for the second straight month. A key measure of business investment also declined.

The report also wasn’t all bad. Manufacturers boosted their stockpiles 0.9 percent in October after more modest increases in previous months. That suggests they are optimistic about future sales.

Manufacturing has been showing signs of rebounding after slowing earlier this year. Auto sales and production are up now that supply chain disruptions caused by the earthquake in Japan have eased. And the ISM, which reports separately on manufacturing, said last week that factory output expanded in November for 28th straight month.

Some economists were surprised that the ISM service-sector survey showed its employment index fell below 50 for the second time in three months. That’s a sign that companies are cutting workers, which conflicts with other data on hiring.

On Friday, the government said the unemployment rate fell to 8.6 percent last month, the lowest level in 2 1/2 years. Employers added 120,000 net new jobs and more jobs were generated in September and October than the government previously estimated. Half of those jobs added in November were at retailers, bars and restaurants — all service firms.

“We hope this is a rogue number,” said Ian Shepherdson, an economist High Frequency Economics, referring to the ISM employment index for service firms. “It is certainly not consistent with the decline in jobless claims and the rebound in the flow of new online help wanted ads, but we cannot yet be sure.”

About half the drop in the unemployment rate occurred because many of those out of work gave up searching for jobs. When the unemployed stop looking for work, they are no longer counted in the unemployment rate.

Still, the overall jobs report was positive and the latest sign that the economy is improving, despite a still-high unemployment rate, a debt crisis in Europe and slowing growth in China.

More jobs means consumers should have more income to spend while shopping, at restaurants, or on cable TV subscriptions and other services.

Holiday shopping is already off to a good start. Americans dropped a record $52.4 billion over the Thanksgiving weekend, according to the National Retail Federation, a trade group. A separate report from MasterCard found spending was up almost 9 percent from last year.

Car sales also rose sharply in November, normally a lackluster month for the auto industry. Chrysler, Ford, Nissan and Hyundai all reported double-digit gains on Thursday, compared to a year ago.

Those reports have led many economists to raise their forecasts for the final three months of the year, to about a 3 percent annual rate. That would be an improvement from growth of 2 percent in the July-September period.

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AP Economics Writer Derek Kravitz contributed to this report.

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